加筋垫层土工织物中应力现场测试分析     

闫澍旺  王翠  于志强 《岩土力学》2007,28(Z1):873-876

如何测定加筋垫层中土工织物中的应力,对于研究土工织物的加筋效果是非常重要的,也是目前工程中急待解决的问题,也是非常困难的课题。结合实际工程,介绍了某防波堤土工织物加筋垫层现场应力测试中的仪器布置、埋设方法和测试结果。分析防波堤堤基土工织物拉应力分布大小、特点以及与堤底地基的沉降关系。实测结果表明,拉应力发挥水平远低于设计拉力值,这对土工织物加筋垫层稳定分析中如何考虑拉应力大小提出了新的问题。  相似文献   

Simplified analytical solutions for wave interaction with absorbing-type caisson breakwaters     

A. Neil Williams  Alaa-Eldin M. Mansour  Hong Sik Lee 《Ocean Engineering》2000,27(11)

Simplified analytical solutions are presented to model the interaction of linear waves with absorbing-type caisson breakwaters, which possess one, or two, perforated or slotted front faces which result in one, or two, interior fluid regions (chambers). The perforated/slotted surfaces are idealized as thin porous plates. Energy dissipation in the interior fluid region(s) inside the breakwater is modelled through a damping function. Under the assumption of potential flow and linear wave theory a boundary-value problem may then be formulated to describe wave interaction with the idealized structure. A solution to this simplified problem may be obtained by an eigenfunction expansion technique and an explicit analytical expression may be obtained for the reflected wave height. Using the experimental work of previous authors, damping coefficients are determined for both single and double chamber absorbing-type caisson breakwaters. Based on the damping for a single perforated-wall breakwater, a methodology is proposed to enable the estimation of the damping coefficients for a breakwater with two chambers. The theoretical predictions of the reflection coefficients for the two-chamber structures using the present model are compared with those obtained from laboratory experiments by other authors. It is found that the inclusion of the damping in the interior fluid region gives rise to improved agreement between theory and experiment.  相似文献   

A highly wave dissipation offshore breakwater     

Sheng-Wen Twu  Cheng-Chung Chieu 《Ocean Engineering》2000,27(3):352

The aim of this paper is to develop an offshore breakwater, for which coefficients of both the wave reflection and transmission have low values. The breakwater is suggested to compose of n layers of porous materials with different porosities. A complex eigen function method is used in the theoretical analysis. Continuities of both mass flux and fluid pressure are assumed at interfaces between every two adjoining porous materials and at the interface between end materials and water region. Following a series of mathematical processes, the coefficients of the wave transmission and reflection along with the wave energy loss are calculated. The porosity of materials is varied in computations; and results are compared among structures composing of different layers of porous materials. A single layer offshore breakwater is shown to reduce simultaneously the coefficients of transmission and reflection only when the structure is very wide in the direction of wave propagation, and the structure material has a high porosity. A multilayer breakwater, however, can function well in reducing both coefficients at a much narrower width; structure having more layers can be more effective at narrower width. Finally, several experiments are conducted; theoretical computations and experimental results agree well.  相似文献   

V形防波堤与圆弧型防波堤之浅水波绕射作用的比较     

才瀚涛  黄华  苏炜 《海洋科学》2020,44(6):91-100

应用椭圆余弦波的绕射理论，推导了V形防波堤的浅水波浪绕射解析解，从而对现有的Airy微幅波理论进行了有效拓展。据此理论对V形防波堤的浅水波绕射作用进行了解析计算，并与几何形状相近的圆弧型防波堤结果加以了对比。结果表明：椭圆余弦波理论计算的V形防波堤最大波浪力和最大绕射波面明显大于微幅波理论的对应值。本方法适用于张角180°的有限长直立薄壁防波堤的浅水波绕射作用计算，从而将无限长直立薄壁堤的反射波理论加以有效拓展。张角同为120°的V形堤与圆弧堤的堤后防浪效果相近，而180°圆弧堤的堤后防浪效果优于张角90°的V形堤。  相似文献   

WEC-透空式防波堤集成装置能量转换效率研究     

毛艳军  马小舟 《海岸工程》2020,39(1):44-52

基于成本共享理念的波浪能发电装置(WEC)的开发与设计为降低建设成本提供了新的研究思路,应用计算流体力学方法对在透空箱式防波堤前附加垂荡浮子的集成装置进行数值模拟研究,主要研究了流体黏性和非线性PTO系统以及浮子形状对此类集成装置能量转换效率的影响。结果表明,此类集成装置可以获得较高的波能捕获宽度比(CWR),最高可达0.7,可以较好地利用反射波波能。共振区间上受黏性影响较大,相比于线性无黏理论解,CWR下降明显;实现了2种非线性PTO系统的模拟,有待于进一步的优化未获得更高的CWR值;浮子形状优化效果明显,采用圆底形浮子受黏性影响更小,可以获得更大的CWR值。此种集成模型的模拟和研究可以为新型防波堤设计和现有防波堤的改造提供思路和参考。  相似文献   

连云港埒子口海域潮动力特征及其变化     

邹春蕾  王志力  甄峰  徐欢 《海岸工程》2020,39(4):246-255

为研究连云港埒子口海域潮流动力特征及其对周边海岸工程的响应,以及为治理埒子口闸下淤积问题提供参考,建立了基于有限体积法离散二维浅水方程的数值模型。采用实测水文资料对模型率定和验证,应用模型分析埒子口潮流动力特征和建设徐圩港防波堤和灌河口导堤后埒子口海域潮流动力的变化。模拟结果表明,建设工程后潮流动力变化较大,埒子口海域涨急流和落急流方向改变,涨、落潮平均流速均减小,距离工程区域越近,流速变化越大。埒子口海域潮流动力减弱将会加重上游挡潮闸的闸下淤积问题,致使埒子口排水不畅,进而增加沂北地区的洪涝风险,所以,相关部门应及时采取措施,保证埒子口排涝畅通。  相似文献   

新疆西准噶尔白布谢河花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其构造意义     

于志泉  刘博  洪阳百合 《高校地质学报》2021,27(1):80-93

西准噶尔中部广泛发育晚石炭世—晚二叠世侵入岩,其产出构造背景对于揭示该区晚古生代构造演化具有重要意义。文章以巴尔鲁克山北侧侵入于上石炭统莫老坝组中的白布谢河花岗斑岩为研究对象,通过岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩主—微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素分析,据此探讨其岩石成因和构造背景,以期为进一步深入研究西准噶尔中部构造演化提供可靠的地质资料。白布谢河花岗斑岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为276±5 Ma,表明其形成时代为早二叠世。该花岗斑岩具有高SiO2(76.72%~79.25%),全碱(Na₂O+K₂O)为5.53%~7.06%,低镁值(Mg^#=8~14)的特征,A/CNK值为1.07~1.40,为准铝质—过铝质的亚碱性系列花岗岩;稀土元素配分曲线表现为右倾“海鸥型”((La/Yb)N=3.22~4.34),具有明显的Eu的负异常(δEu=0.09~0.10),富集大离子亲石元素Rb和K,强烈亏损Sr、P及Ti,中等亏损Ba、Nb及Ta元素;其FeO^T/MgO(10.65~19.32),10000Ga/Al(3.61~4.41)值和高场强元素组合(Zr+Nb+Ce+Y)(859.7×10^-6~1054.8×10^-6)含量高,属于典型的铝质A₂型花岗岩。该花岗斑岩具有低的初始⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr比值(0.70482~0.70535),高的正ε_Nd(t)值(+6.3~+7.3)。综合上述元素和同位素地球化学特征,推测该岩体极可能是后碰撞伸展环境下,由新生地壳部分熔融后再经高度分异演化并伴有少量壳源物质混染的产物。结合区域已发表的近同期侵入岩、火山岩和沉积岩资料,以及区内缺乏早石炭世之后的蛇绿混杂岩和俯冲相关变质岩的事实,推测西准噶尔中部可能不存在晚于早石炭世的洋壳俯冲消减作用,暗示在晚石炭世早期准噶尔洋已基本闭合。  相似文献   

深水斜坡堤破坏致因分析及修复方案研究     

胡曦光  于定勇 《海岸工程》2014,(3):47-54

以沿海某船厂防波堤破坏为背景,通过总结深水防波堤的设计方法,对比新、老防波堤规范关于深水防波堤不同的要求,在分析该船厂防波堤破坏原因的基础上,提出修复设计方案,并通过物理模型试验验证,对该方案进行优化。  相似文献   

防波堤椭圆形桶式基础结构的贯入受力特性实验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

徐光明  顾行文  任国峰  蔡正银  黄英豪  茅加峰 《海洋工程》2014,32(1):1-7

某工程拟在深水软土地基上修筑防波堤,为了尽量减少地基处理充分利用天然地基,创新性设计出一种轻型薄壁的预制防波堤结构,其挡浪部分为直立薄壁圆筒,基础部分则为倒扣的薄壁椭圆形桶,并且椭圆形下桶为外壁和内隔板分成9个格室,防波堤结构浮运至指定位置后,拟采用负压工法施工安装就位。这种新型防波堤结构为国内外首次提出,其下沉施工设计尚无规范可循,为此开展了土工离心模型试验,在模型加速过程中模拟了椭圆形下桶基础在淤泥层中的自重下沉,之后利用新研发了一种大行程作动加载装置给椭圆形下桶施加下推力,让其继续向下贯入直至穿越整个淤泥层,以模拟负压工法的贯入下沉。试验测量了下桶贯入下沉过程中的推力与贯入位移,还尝试测量了桶壁和内隔板断面的压应变,由此分析了下桶基础的下沉总阻力、桶壁摩擦力以及截面压应变随贯入位移的变化。结果发现,这些曲线均出现了转折点,根据转折点对应的下沉总阻力确定了椭圆形下桶基础贯入过程所遭遇的临界下沉总阻力值,据此估算了负压工法中所需施加的压力差。  相似文献   

波浪在Jarlan型开孔潜堤上的运动   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

LIU Yong  XIE Luqiong  ZHANG Zhehan 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(5):96-102

The wave motion over a submerged Jarlan-type breakwater consisting of a perforated front wall and a solid rear wall was investigated analytically and experimentally. An analytical solution was developed using matched eigenfunction expansions. The analytical solution was confirmed by previously known solutions for single and double submerged solid vertical plates, a multidomain boundary element method solution, and experimental data. The calculated results by the analytical solution showed that compared with double submerged vertical plates, the submerged Jarlan-type perforated breakwater had better wave-absorbing performance and lower wave forces. For engineering designs, the optimum values of the front wall porosity, relative submerged depth of the breakwater, and relative chamber width between front and rear walls were 0.1–0.2, 0.1–0.2, and 0.3–0.4, respectively. Interchanging the perforated front wall and solid rear wall may have no effect on the transmission coefficient. However, the present breakwater with a seaside perforated wall had a lower reflection coefficient.  相似文献